Development prospect of graphene, the king of new

The development prospect of graphene, the "king of new materials", in China

in 2004, two British scientists won the Nobel Prize for using the single-layer material "torn" from the surface of graphite by "tape". Since then, the production and application of graphene materials have gradually become the hot spot of market pursuit. Now, graphene has been promoted to the "king of new materials" and has become a well deserved "black gold" in the field of new materials

according to the prediction of China graphene industry alliance, the global graphene annual production capacity will reach 100 tons and 1000 tons in the next five to ten years. By 2020, the global graphene market will exceed 100 billion yuan, of which China accounts for 50% ~ 80%. China will play a leading and core role in the global graphene industry. However, many people don't know what graphene is. Is the prospect of graphene really so beautiful in terms of function and structure

what is graphene

graphene is a kind of two-dimensional crystal. In common, graphite is formed by stacking layers of planar carbon atoms arranged in honeycomb order. The interlayer force of graphite is weak and it is easy to peel off each other to form thin graphite sheets. When the graphite sheet is stripped into a single layer, this single layer with only one carbon atom thickness is graphene

graphene is not only the thinnest material, but also the strongest and toughest material. Its fracture strength is 200 times higher than that of the best steel. At the same time, it has good elasticity, and the tensile range can reach 20% of its own size. It is the thinnest and strongest material in nature. Scientists even predicted that graphene would "completely change the 21st century". It is very likely to set off a disruptive new technology and new industrial revolution sweeping the world

hot application of graphene

integrated circuit: graphene has the ideal properties as an excellent integrated circuit electronic device. The problem is that it is difficult to manufacture single-layer graphene, and it is more difficult to make an appropriate substrate

transparent conductive electrode: graphene has good conductivity and light transmittance, which makes it have a very good application prospect in transparent conductive electrode. Touch screen, liquid crystal display, organic photovoltaic cells, organic light emitting diodes, etc. all need good transparent conductive electrode materials

thermal conductive materials or thermal interface materials: in 2011, scholars from Georgia Institute of technology first reported the application of vertically arranged functionalized multilayer graphene three-dimensional structure in thermal interface materials and its ultra-high. The materials that need to be further developed in the future mainly include lithium rich manganese based solid solution materials, lithium manganese phosphate, lithium manganese iron phosphate, lithium iron phosphate graphene composites, equivalent thermal conductivity and ultra-low interfacial thermal resistance

supercapacitor: because graphene has a very high ratio of surface area to mass, graphene can be used as the conductive electrode of supercapacitor. Scientists believe that the stored energy density of this super capacitor will be greater than that of existing capacitors

seawater desalination: research shows that graphene filter may greatly outperform other seawater desalination technologies

solar cells: the laboratory of the Viterbi School of engineering at the University of Southern California reported the mass production of highly transparent graphene films by chemical vapor deposition in 2008

graphene biological devices: graphene is an excellent choice for bacterial detection and diagnosis devices because of its modifiable chemical function, large contact area, atomic size and thickness, molecular gate structure and so on

antibacterial substances: scientists from the Shanghai Branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences found that graphene oxide is super effective in inhibiting the growth of E. coli and will not harm human cells. If graphene oxide is also antibacterial to other bacteria, it may find a series of new applications, such as shoes that automatically remove odor, or packaging that keeps food fresh

graphene photoreceptor: a group of scientists from Singapore specializing in graphene material research have now developed the latest technology of applying graphene to camera photoreceptor, which is expected to completely subvert the development of digital photoreceptor technology in the future

graphene in China

has developed rapidly. Basic and applied research are parallel

China is one of the most active countries in graphene research and application development. The data show that among all countries, China has applied for the largest number of graphene patents, with more than 2200 patents, accounting for 1/3 of the world. Graphene is included in the cutting-edge new materials in the 12th Five Year Plan for the development of new material industry issued by the Ministry of industry and information technology in 2013. NSFC has funded a large number of basic research projects related to graphene, and a number of major projects have also been deployed in the national major science and technology projects and the national 973 Plan. Governments at all levels have shown great interest in graphene and have initially formed an official industry university research cooperation and docking mechanism for collaborative innovation among governments, scientific research institutions, R & D and application enterprises

in October 2011, Jiangsu Changzhou established Jiangnan graphene Research Institute, which is the first industrialization base based on graphene materials and applications in China. Now, China has been at the forefront of graphene industrialization. There are more than 100 domestic graphene enterprises, and industrial clusters have been formed in Changzhou, Wuxi, Qingdao, Shenzhen and other places. The industrial direction focuses on the preparation of graphene and several application fields such as energy storage, touch screen and coating. For example, scientists have also developed a series of graphene based energy storage materials, such as graphene based high-density porous carbon materials, paving the way for the practical application of graphene

China's graphene application patents are concentrated in lithium battery, energy storage, composite materials and other fields. The layout is relatively narrow, and the main body is mostly colleges and universities. The R & D and application are disconnected to a certain extent. How to change this situation, form a complete and mature industrial chain upstream and downstream, and develop products with higher cost performance are urgent problems to be solved in the future development of domestic graphene industrialization. At present, graphene is really hot, and it also brings us a lot of innovative applications. No one can deny the strength of graphene. However, everything has two sides, and the warning that graphene may pose a threat to freshwater resources can not be ignored