The hottest way to build a biofuel conversion syst

At present, the establishment of a sustainable supply system of biofuel raw materials, a green and efficient transformation technology system, system integration and scientific evaluation system has become the research and development focus of countries all over the world

the Key Laboratory of biofuels of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, relying on the Qingdao Institute of bioenergy and process of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, has been established for six years and is committed to the research of renewable resources and transformation technologies such as microalgae biofuels, biocatalytic transformation, thermochemistry and chemical transformation

recently, Lu Xuefeng, director of the Key Laboratory of biofuels of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said in an interview with China Science Daily: "we hope to build an efficient, low-cost and sustainable biofuel conversion system by integrating different technical means."

there are many kinds of carbon fixing microalgae

microalgae convert carbon dioxide, light and water into oil through photosynthesis. As a potential clean energy production and carbon dioxide high-value scheme, industrial oil producing microalgae have attracted extensive attention

LV Xuefeng introduced to complete the control of table motion speed. Theoretically, microalgae produce 20-28 tons of material per mu, and 1.83 tons of carbon dioxide can be fixed per ton of microalgae. In addition, microalgae oil is also an ideal raw material for liquid biofuels (biodiesel or aviation kerosene)

the direction of laboratory microalgae biofuel mainly starts with obtaining stable and high-yield engineering algae, realizing efficient and controllable microalgae scale culture, and carrying out economic and energy-saving microalgae transformation and processing, trying to establish a breeding and transformation system of searching for algae species, cultivating and fixing carbon, and industrial oil refining

first, the laboratory scientific research team included engineering traits such as "resistance to protozoan pollution" and "easy to harvest" into the important indicators of breeding and evaluation of oil producing microalgae, and put forward a new idea of screening industrial algae strains from filamentous microalgae. In 2013, laboratory researchers first discovered the high-yield filariasis lutea, proving that the large-size filamentous structure is endowed with its unique properties of "insect resistance" and "easy harvest", which provides direction guidance for the screening of algae species that restrict the large-scale cultivation of microalgae and the problem of insect pollution and high energy consumption in harvesting

subsequently, the laboratory developed the world's first whole genome model of microalgae, revealed the genetic and evolutionary characteristics of microalgae oil production traits from the genetic level, revealed the mechanism of plant hormones in microalgae oil production for the first time from the regulatory level, and proposed microalgae breeding strategies based on hormone regulation

in addition, the laboratory has constructed a series of genetically engineered cyanobacteria that use solar energy to directly convert carbon dioxide into different solar biofuels in one step. The large-scale cultivation of photobioreactors of engineered cyanobacteria and the improvement of the efficiency of photosynthetic carbon fixation synthesis of cyanobacteria will be the focus of future research

it can meet the needs of more users. At present, the laboratory has established a complete research and development system for microalgae aviation biofuels, and jointly established a joint research laboratory for sustainable aviation biofuels with Boeing; The common technology of microalgae energy and resource utilization has been used to cooperate with ENN group, Xinjiang Qinghua and other enterprises to realize technology demonstration

in 2016, the Ministry of Agriculture issued the "plan on promoting the pilot utilization of agricultural waste resources", and estimated that China produces 3.8 billion tons of livestock manure and 1 billion tons of crop straw every year

"the key scientific problems to be solved in dealing with these agricultural wastes are: how to breed excellent microbial communities suitable for anaerobic fermentation of high concentration and accelerating the construction of 3 Yanan port service facilities, how to improve the conversion efficiency of straw biomass anaerobic fermentation gas production, and how to achieve efficient material mixing and mass transfer under high concentration fermentation." Lu Xuefeng said, "we are developing the industrialization technology package of high concentration anaerobic fermentation, hoping to form an industrialized biological natural gas technology standard system."

due to the difficulty of straw degradation and the lack of efficient straw degradation technology, the laboratory scientific research team bred highly tolerant anaerobic fermentation microorganisms through cascade domestication; Study the effect of micro oxygen on straw structure and microbial community, and develop new biological pretreatment technology

although some scientific problems have been solved in terms of technical means, the lack of independent industrialized large-scale biogas engineering technology and equipment in China also limits the application of technology. Therefore, the scientific research team independently developed solid-state feeding equipment, reactors with different mixing strategies and supporting mixing equipment, and biogas pressure washing equipment, thus breaking through the biogas engineering from feeding, fermentation, mixing The key technical bottleneck of the industrialization of the whole process of purification

based on the independently developed technology and equipment, the scientific research team conducted integrated and amplified research, forming a complete high concentration anaerobic fermentation technology system. Among them, Qingdao Pingdu has built a pilot scale-up system with an annual output of 180000 cubic meters of biogas, which realizes the long-term and efficient operation of large-scale high-concentration anaerobic fermentation biogas project for the first time; Baicheng, Jilin Province has built a pilot scale demonstration project with an annual output of 430000 cubic meters of biogas in the cold regions of the north, breaking through the problem that the biogas project does not produce gas in winter, and realizing the continuous and efficient operation in the cold regions of the north

Qingdao Energy Research Institute has successively cooperated with cecep, Qingdao Huatong Group and other leading enterprises in the industry to complete the construction of three industrialization demonstration projects. Among them, it has cooperated with Qingdao Huatong Group to build the largest biological natural gas base in the north in Pingdu South Village, Qingdao, forming a replicable process package and commercial operation mode, providing solutions for the treatment and resource utilization of agricultural biomass waste in China

wood fiber is of great value

fiber biomass is a rich biomass resource in nature. Using fiber biomass to produce fuel and chemicals is an inevitable trend of future development. LV Xuefeng said, "the supply of high-quality biological resources and the acquisition of low-cost and high-efficiency cellulose sugars are urgent problems to be solved."

therefore, the laboratory scientific research team provided high-quality non grain fiber biomass raw materials with high yield, easy transformation and sufficient supply; Break down the natural anti degradation barrier of biomass and develop efficient green cellulose pretreatment process; Design and build an efficient biocatalytic transformation molecular machine to improve the efficiency of cellulase hydrolysis and saccharification

fibrosomes are one of the most efficient cellulose degradation molecular machines known in nature. In this regard, the scientific research team developed new Non-mode microbial genetic operation equipment and supporting technologies, revealed the multi-level synergy and regulation mechanism of fibrosomes, and guided the directional improvement of fibrosomes and the construction of whole bacterial catalysts based on the requirements of industrialization

on the problem of how to create new varieties of high-yield, stress resistant and energy efficient plants, the scientific research team constructed a mutant library of heavy ion mutation of Nandi, screened 10 new lines with high salt tolerance and more than 10 new lines with high yield and other excellent traits, and obtained 1 new line with significantly improved transformation efficiency

the high-yield cultivation technology of Miscanthus bungeana by the scientific research team in the coastal high salt beach has been recognized by the Changyi government of Weifang. Qingdao Institute of energy and the local government have jointly built a core demonstration area combining ecological restoration of 100 mu of saline alkali land and planting of energy plants, providing new ideas for the management of saline alkali land in China

in carrying out the research on the pretreatment of efficient and green lignocellulose raw materials, aiming at the problems of high energy consumption and heavy pollution of traditional single physical or chemical pretreatment, the laboratory scientific research team put forward the pretreatment idea based on the joint action of physics and chemistry, and established a low-cost, green and efficient dynamic extrusion pretreatment technology in combination with equipment development

LV Xuefeng revealed to: "this technology has attracted extensive attention from internationally renowned companies and industry circles, and has received continuous funding from international companies such as shell, P & G, Boeing and the top 500 enterprises." He said that the core conversion technology of biofuels can not only promote the development of bioenergy itself, but also be applied to environmental governance and health product development. The Key Laboratory of biofuels of the Chinese Academy of Sciences will adhere to the research and development of common technologies in the field, form the idea of "energy environment health" integrated development based on biomass resources, and drive the development of core biofuel technologies